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Dice and dice games date back to the Middle Eastern Crusades, but modern craps is approximately 100 years old. Modern craps evolved from the 12th Century English game referred to as Hazard. No one absolutely knows the ancestry of the game, but Hazard is believed to have been discovered by the Anglo, Sir William of Tyre, around the twelfth century. It’s theorized that Sir William’s horsemen bet on Hazard during a siege on the fortress Hazarth in 1125 AD. The title Hazard was gotten from the fortress’s name.
Early French settlers imported the game Hazard to Acadia. In the 18th century, when expelled by the English, the French relocated south and settled in the south of Louisiana where they eventually became Cajuns. When they fled Acadia, they brought their favored game, Hazard, with them. The Cajuns modernized the game and made it fair mathematically. It’s believed that the Cajuns changed the title to craps, which is acquired from the term for the bad luck toss of snake-eyes in the game of Hazard, known as "crabs."
From Louisiana, the game extended to the Mississippi river boats and throughout the nation. Most acknowledge the dice builder John H. Winn as the father of modern craps. In the early 1900s, Winn designed the current craps setup. He put in place the Do not Pass line so players can bet on the dice to not win. At another time, he invented the spots for Place wagers and put in place the Big 6, Big 8, and Hardways.